Study on agreement about digital medical imaging displaying in different reading methods
CUI Li,LV Donghui,ZHOU Lijiang,et al.Radiology Department of Shanghai Baoshan Central Hospital,Shanghai 201900,China
[Abstract] Objective By analyzing a large quantities of diagnostic results of reading Xray films and reading Xray pictures,it is easy to show that PACS system has advantages in reading pictures and statistical agreement exists among the different reading methods.The method has been proposed for analyzing the diagnostic results and controlling the qualities of digital medical images in radiological department in statistical meaning. Methods 6000 cases have been selected from the Xray films in our hospital based on the random sampling criterion and the diagnostic results (positive,suspected positive,negative) in different reading methods have been obtained by doctors.Kappa values have been computed according to doctors diagnostic results. Results Soft reading method,which avoids the appearances of suspected positive diagnosis results,special displays and imaging processing technology improve the positive rate of the diagnosis results.There are almost the same diagnosis results between films and common displays,films and special displays,common displays by image processing or not,special displays by image processing or not in the view of Kappa analysis.Conclusion Soft reading pictures are easy to store and process.Special displays and diagnostic imaging processing in our hospital help improve the positive rates.The statistical results based on Kappa values prove the feasibility of existing diagnostic methods in our hospital.
[Key words] Kappa value;agreement analysis;soft reading pictures;Xray films
随着医学影像技术的发展,医院购置了越来越多的医学影像设备,比如CT、MR、CR、DR等。如何最大限度地发挥些设备的使用效率以及获得良好的诊断效果,一直是工程技术人员与临床医生所关注的问题。而PACS系统的应用将传统的灯箱+胶片的医院影像操作模式进化为计算机和高速网络构成的数字平台。本文主要研究我院建立的PACS系统在医生读片方式改变前后影像诊断结果之间的一致性。通过对大量硬拷贝和软拷贝诊断结果的统计分析,说明PACS系统的优越性以及读片方式转换的合理性。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 2003年8月4日~2004年9月29日以7天为间隔进行等间隔取样,获取6000例X线胶片的医生的诊断结果。再获取这些胶片的软拷贝,使之在普通显示器及专业灰度显示器上显示以供医生诊断。将这些软拷贝经图像处理后,再在普通显示器及专业灰度显示器上显示以供医生诊断。诊断结果阳性、阴性、可疑阳性三类。
1.2 研究方法
1.2.1 合适的X线胶片取样数目的确定 我院从2003年8月起,每天有200多张X线胶片的诊断病例,因而具有X线胶片的病例数以十万计。如何在如此众多的病例中确定合适的取样数目及取样方式十分重要。取样数目定为6000例,这样可以以99.73%可靠度保证对总体比例的误差在2%以内。此处总体是指我院的所有的具有X线胶片的病例。总体比例是指总体中的阳性率。取样数目6000是按下面计算公式得出的:
n=t2×p×(1-p) (Δp)2(1)
其中t为正态分布统计量,p为假设阳性率,Δp为误差。设=0.5,由要求知Δp=0.02,在99.73%可靠度下,查表得t=3。由公式(1)不难算出n=5625。即取样数目至少为5625,为确保达到目标,取样数目确定为6000。
根据当时课题的计划,我们的取样日期为2003年8月4日~2004年9月29日。以7天为间隔进行等间隔取样,这样可保证取样的随机性。如8月4日;8月11日;8月18日;8月25日……
为保证取样不局限于同一类X线胶片,笔者通过对8月份不同种类的X线胶片的组成比例分析,确定了每天取样100例,具体组成是胸片51例、四肢22例、脊柱7例、其他20例。当天的100例尽量在当天按时间先后取;若不够,请在紧接的下一工作日取;若还不够,就在当天的前一个工作日取,但时间顺序是由后向前。
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