Clinical research of kidney hemorrhage after PCNL by selective renal arterial embolization
LIU Chun-sheng,CHEN Peng,DONG Jing,et al.
Department of Radiology,Kind Hospital,Zhuzhou 412000,China
【Abstract】 Objective To study the methods and treatment effects on kidney hemorrhage after PCNL,using immunotherapy and chemo-embolization through the kidney artery.Methods 12 cases of kidney hemorrhage after PCNL were treated by the interventional embolization with gelfoam particles,even PVA and wreath of spring. The catheters were inserted into the kidney artery or its branches selectively through the femoral artery using Seldinger technique.Results All patient′s hemorrhage was stopped using interventional therapy,whose Hb and RBC increased slowly after operation,and out of hospital in 5~7days.Conclusion Interventional therapy is safe and effective methods in treatment of kidney hemorrhage after PCNL.
【Key words】 PCNL; kidney hemorrhage; kidney artery; arterial embolization
PCNL即percutaneous nephrostolithotomy的简称,亦即经皮肾镜取石术,以其微创高效实用,而成为当今泌尿外科的热点,许多医院都相继开展,但因此并发肾出血也增多。这种并发症出血量大,单纯药物止血难以奏效,又成为许多医院泌尿外科开展PCNL的后顾之忧。我院对经肾动脉超选择性插管栓塞治疗PCNL术后肾出血进行了较细致的研究,止血效果十分满意,现将有关研究情况予以报告。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 2003年11月~2005年7月对12例PCNL术后并发肾出血患者进行了经肾动脉超选择性插管栓塞介入止血治疗,男 9例,女3例,其中由外院转来8例;右肾出血9例,左肾出血3例;术后持续或间断肾出血9~28天,平均12.6 天。查Hb男62~107g/L,平均84.6 g/L;女60~66g/L,平均 63g/L。RBC男(2.2~3.2)×1012/ L,平均2.83×1012/ L; 女(2.3~2.5)×1012 / L,平均2.4×1012/ L。其中3例在来我院前在当地医院输血200~400ml;全部病例均经系统药物止血无效或效果不佳。
1.2 方法 采用Seldinger法穿刺右侧股动脉,上好动脉鞘,经鞘插入5F Cobra管,插管至出血侧肾动脉主干行DSA检查,显示肾动脉分支,根据造影剂外溢,大致判断肾动脉出血部位;在导丝引导下超选至出血动脉分支,如果出血处位于分支末端则换4F Cobra管进一步超选;“冒烟”确认导管头抵达动脉出血口处,然后经导管缓慢分次注入明胶海绵颗粒(条),必要时加PVA或弹簧圈等栓塞材料栓塞,用生理盐水100ml+16万U庆大霉素混合液注入,每次注入栓塞材料后缓慢轻注造影剂(“冒烟”)检查栓塞效果,直至外溢造影剂影消失;5~10min导管退至肾段动脉或肾动脉主干行DSA复查,进一步证实肾动脉出血消失,拔管拔鞘,加压止血并包扎,结束手术。术后辅以止血药物治疗,制动卧床休息3天,以巩固疗效。
2 结果
12例肾出血病例经肾动脉超选择性插管栓塞介入止血治疗,完全止住出血,Hb递增,4~7天(平均5天)拔肾造瘘管出院。
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