超声对胎儿水囊状淋巴管瘤的诊断
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时间:2009-02-03 18:01:59 来源: 作者: |
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Ultrasonograghic diagnosis of fetal cystic lymphangioma
QIAO Hai-yan.Yuhuan Peoples Hospital,Yuhuan 317600,China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the features of ultrasound images in fetal cystic lymphangioma.Methods To analyze restrospectively 9 cases of pregnant women whose gestational period were 14~26 weeks from 2004 to 2007 and were diagnosed with fetal cystic lymphangioma by ultrasonography.Results We found 9 cases had cystic hygroma and verified by pathology after autopsy.Conclusion We can real-timely observe organs of fetal in uterine and diagnose early deformity of fetal.Its helpful and significant to terminate pregnancy,carry out aristogenesis and have a fine child.
[Key words] cystic;ultrasonography;fetal
胎儿水囊状淋巴管瘤是胎儿淋巴系统的发育缺陷,围生期死亡率极高,用X线、磁共振等均有杀伤性或损伤性,且难以明确诊断。本文对2004~2007年我科超声诊断并经引产后病理证实的9例胎儿水囊状淋巴管瘤病例进行分析,探讨本病的声像图特征,能对本病做出及时准确的诊断,有利于优生优育,避免了先天缺陷儿的出生,同时为临床提供有力证据,降低围产儿死亡率。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 9例孕妇,均系我院产科住院患者经超声诊断并经引产后病理证实。年龄21~34岁,平均27岁。
1.2 方法 使用LG 500 、LG 5、百胜DU6超声诊断仪器,探头频率3.5 MHz,孕妇取平卧位或侧卧位,充分暴露腹部,进行常规超声检查,发现包绕在胎儿头颈部、躯体上部和位于肢体的囊性包块,仔细进行纵、横多切面观察。
2 结果
本组9例孕妇,均在14~26周超声检查时发现水囊状淋巴管瘤。超声所见:子宫体积不同程度的增大(因每个人的停经月份不同),宫腔内可见成形的胎儿(其中1例为双胎,单活胎,存活儿为水囊状淋巴管瘤患者),双顶径34~67 mm,头颅光滑完整,颅内回声未见异常,胎儿颈部包绕以大小不等的囊性包块,瘤体最大者约18 cm,最小者1.2 cm,较大者可波头颅及躯体上部,脊柱排列整齐,股骨长16~45 mm,胎儿活动受限,发育较同龄胎儿略显迟缓。合并全身皮肤软组织水肿者7例,占78%,其中4例合并胸腔积液、腹水,有2例胎死宫内,余胎心、胎动正常,羊水及胎盘未见异常(如图1,图2为其中1例患者)。
9例胎儿水囊状淋巴管瘤的声像图特征如下:胎儿颈部周围可见囊性包块包绕,较大者可波及头颅及躯体上部,其囊壁或很厚,大的囊肿内常见较厚的中隔,由胎儿颈部伸向囊内,囊的其余部分可为稀疏状分隔。大多数胎儿全身软组织水肿增厚,被一层无回声或低回声包绕呈外套样。可合并胸腔积液和腹水,多数伴有其他畸形,部分病例可致胎死宫内。
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