Abstracts Objective To investigate if it is necessary to evaluate the therapeutic response of ablation therapy by using contrast-enhanced sonography immediately. Methods Ninety-two malignant liver lesions were examined using contrast-enhanced sonography before and after ablation therapy. Percutaneous puncture biopsy was done in 19 lesions after ablation therapy. Results. Hyper-enhancement was seen in all 92 lesions before ablation. After ablation, irregularly hyper-enhancement was shown in 14 lesions and alive tumor cells confirmed by biopsy in these lesions. Hyper-enhancement around lesion was shown in 5 lesions and no alive tumor cell was seen by pathology. Conclusions. In order to guide further treatment, it is necessary to immediately evaluate the therapeutic response of ablation on malignant liver tumor by contrast-enhanced sonography.
KEY WORDS contrast-enhanced sonography; liver tumor; ablation; pathology
目前肝脏恶性肿瘤的首选治疗方法仍是手术切除,但多数肿瘤在发现时已丧失了手术机会,射频或微波消融治疗已成为临床常用的肝脏恶性肿瘤非手术治疗方法[1,2]。但局部消融治疗难以保证在单次治疗后使肿瘤完全坏死,因此其疗效的判断,关系到治疗方案的制定及患者的预后。近来,对于射频或微波消融治疗后有无必要进行即刻疗效评估出现了一些争议,本研究拟就此方面做一探讨。
资料与方法
一、研究对象
2004年3月至2005年12月共对61例患者92个行射频或微波消融治疗的肝脏恶性肿瘤病灶进行了术前及术后即刻的超声造影检查,其中男49例,女12例,年龄32~71岁,平均43岁。原发性肝癌59个病灶,肝转移癌33个病灶;71个病灶行射频消融治疗,21个病灶行微波消融治疗。
二、仪器与方法
采用GE Logiq 9、Esaote DU8彩色多普勒超声仪,具有低机械指数实时谐波超声造影功能,GE Logiq 9探头发射频率2.0MHz,接受频率4.0MHz;DU 8探头发射频率2.5MHz,接受频率5.0MHz,机械指数0.05~0.08。造影剂为Bracco公司的SonoVue,采用2.4 ml经肘部浅静脉团注。超声造影分别于治疗前和消融治疗结束后15 min内进行。实时观察病灶内造影剂的灌注情况,包括动脉相、门脉相及延迟相肿瘤内部及周边有无增强。术后对早期动脉相病灶内或周边部有高增强的部位进行穿刺活检。
结果
术前超声造影表现:92个病灶均表现为早期动脉相高增强,其中47个病灶表现为均匀高增强,32个病灶表现为不均匀高增强,13个病灶表现为环状增强。全部病灶于门脉相表现为低增强或等增强,延迟相表现为低增强或无增强。符合肝脏恶性肿瘤超声造影表现。
消融术后15 min内超声造影表现:73个病灶动脉相、门脉相及延迟相均无增强;14个病灶表现为早期动脉相病灶内部不规则高增强,门脉相及延迟相表现为低增强和无增强,与消融治疗前超声造影表现类似;5个病灶表现为早期动脉相“病灶”外周部分环状增强,门脉相及延迟相仍表现为高增强或等增强。
穿刺活检病理结果:术后超声造影表现为早期动脉相病灶内部不规则高增强的14个病灶,活检病理见存活的恶性肿瘤细胞;表现为早期动脉相“病灶”外周部分环状增强的5个病灶,穿刺活检病理表现为组织充血,未见恶性肿瘤细胞。
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