Evaluation of the Measurement of Left Appendage Blood FlowFrequency Spectrum in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
肖竹影
哈尔滨医科大学第一临床医学院,哈尔滨 150001
Zhu-Ying Xiao
The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
ABSTRACT
Objective:To discuss the relation between the left atrial appendage(LAA)blood flow frequency spectrum(BLFS)and the defibrillation success rate in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation(NVAF).
Method:Totest the LAA's BLFS in 62 patients with NVAF by using transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)and analyse the group. The relation of BLFS to defibrillation successrate.
Result:Three types of BLFS appeared in the group.The defibrillation showed success rate of 100%I in the first type characterized by conversion, definite and irregular LAA filling and emptying flow waves throughout the whole cardiac circle; success rate of 80% in the second type, or intermittent, lower waves; and no conversion in the third type ,or continuous, lower flow velocity waves.
Conclusion:The test of LAA's BLFS by using TEE may predicat the success rate of defibrillation treatment in patients with NVFA.
Key words:Atrial fibrillation ,Left atrial appendage,Blood flow frequency spectrum, Defibrillation
经食管超声心动图(TEE)问世后,使在非手术条件下观察左心耳结构及研究左心耳功能成为可能。我院于1995年2月以来,应用TEE对62例非膜性房颤患者的左心耳血流频谱进行了观察,并与其除颤成功率进行了相关分析,报告如下:
一、材料与方法
1. 受检对象 非膜性房颤患者62例,男48例,女14例,平均年龄54岁(49~76岁)。房颤持续时间为4~24周。其中高血压性心脏病15例,冠心病18例,扩张型心肌病10例,特发性房颤19例。合并二尖返流量在中度以下。
2. 仪器与方法 采用美国HPsonos-2500型彩色多普勒超声仪,多平面经食管超声探头频率为5.0/3.7MHz。 除颤采用美国HP公司生产的Code Masten XL除颤器。按常规经胸壁电击复律法行同步直流电击复律,功率为100~300W/S。
经食管超声心动图检查: 患者检查前禁食水8小时,检查时取左侧卧位,咽部局麻后通过撑口器将探头送入食管,当距门齿25~30cm处可显示心底短轴切面,稍屈探头并在 0°~45°反范围内调整扫描角度,既能充分显示左心耳结构。将脉冲多普勤取样容积置于左心耳的进出口处,使取样与左心耳排空血流尽可能平行,描记左心耳血流频谱。检查过程中联接单导联心电图与频谱同步显示,采用录相记录,以供回放分析。
观测指标:①左心耳血流频谱;②左心耳血流量大排空速度(LAA-PEV),取一个心动周期内各前向最大血流速度的平均值;③观察左房有无自发显影,并根据Farkin[1]等提出的分级方法给予分级。0(无)无自发显影出现;1+(轻度)在心动周期内于左心耳或分散于左房腔内时隐时现的弱回声,当改变仪器的增益条件,在二维图像上难以见到;2+(轻至中度)比1+回声密度增高,但分布相似,不提高增益条件既可见到,3+(中度)左心耳腔内可见持续旋动的浓度影像,左房腔内密度稍低,在整个心动周期内强度稍有变化,4+(重度)左房腔内与左心耳内有相似的缓慢运动的浓密回声。
测值以X±S来表示,组间比较用两样本t检验,以P<0.05为差异有显著意义。 |