Multiple Factors Analysis of Complications of Ultrasound Guided Automatic Biopsy in Diffuse Renal Disease<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
马琳 张武 韩向午 范敏华
MA Lin,ZHANG Wu,HAN Xiang wu,et al
(Department of Ult rasound,the Affiliated Hospital of Coal Medical Colledge in North China,Tangshan 063000,China)
ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the factors in relation to complications of ultrasound2guided automatic renal biopsy.
Methods:All the 511 cases of automatic renal biopsies (18G) were analyzed with single-factor and Logistic regression.
Results:The rate of complications was 7.44% and the complications were mainly minor. The patients with hypertension and acute renal failure had a higher complication rate (17.92% and 29.17% respectively), while those with nephritic syndrome had a lower complication rate (5.77%) (OR: 1.055~3.683 ,1.920~14.803 ,and 0.205~0.868 respectively ,P <0.01).
Conclusion:Among many clini-cal factors which influenced complications of renal biopsy , the independent factors were shown as follows:acute renal failure and hypertension (diastolic pressure in excess of 95mmHg) and nephritic syndrome. Acute renal failure with hypertension appeared to have an additive effect on complication rate(P<0.01).
Key words:Ultrasonography;Automatic biopsy;Renal biopsy;Complications
肾活检是当代肾脏病临床诊断和治疗不可或缺的手段[1]。近年来肾活检技术已取得重要进展[1-3]。但它作为一种有创性检查,仍可能产生一些出血性损伤等穿刺并发症。如何在提高肾活检成功率的同时减少并发症的发生,始终是我们面临的一个重要课题。本文目的在于通过大样本的调查和回顾性分析,进一步评价超声引导自动肾活检并发症的发生几率和独立因素,以期更好地指导其临床应用。
1 资料和方法
1.1 研究对象 病例来源为北京大学第三医院自1991年3月至1999年1月511例接受自动肾活检(18G活检针) 的肾病科和儿科住院患者,男281例,女230例,年龄8天~75岁,平均32.8岁。其中包括血尿、蛋白尿或(和) 高血压等原因不明患者214例。所有病人出凝血时间正常。
1.2 超声仪器和活检针具 所用仪器为Aloka SSD-650实时超声诊断仪,弧阵式探头(曲率半径为20mm),发射频率3.5MHz,配有穿刺导向专用附加装置和导针。自动活检装置(ABD)为瑞典Bard公司产品,包括射程为23mm的Biopsy自动活检枪以及一套与之匹配的Tru-cut式活检针。一律采用18G活检针(外径1.2mm、内径1.0mm、针槽17mm)。
1.3 方法 自动活检操作按常规步骤和方法进行。全部资料均以EXCEL97建立数据库,采用SAS(6.12版)软件包进行统计分析。
2 结果
2.1 自动肾活检并发症的发生率 自动肾活检出现肉眼血尿15例(2. 94 %),肾周或被膜下血肿23例(4.50 %)。并发症共计发生38例(7.44 %),均为轻度并发症,未经治疗均自愈。没有重度并发症发生。
2.2 自动肾活检并发症发生的影响因素 |