肠缺血CT诊断与临床
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时间:2009-03-02 18:41:13 来源: 作者: |
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【Abstract】 Objective It is still a difficult problem for clinical and imaging doctors to make diagnosis for intestinal ischemia.Forty-five patients were choiced to study pathogeny of intestinal ischemia,CT examine techniques and imaging findings.Methods All of forty-five patients underwent spiral CT scan,twenty-six cases of them were proved through operation,fourteen cases were fully recovered through treatment,five cases were dead.Results Forty-four cases were found with mesentery artery ischemia,four cases with proper hepatic artery ischemia,seventeen cases with mesentery venous ischemia.Conclusion Diagnosis of intestinal ischemia can be made definitely by strictly mastering CT examine techniques and it's CT findings combination with clinical features.
【Key words】 intestinal ischemia;tomography;X-ray computed
肠缺血是肠动脉和静脉灌注血流减少引起的一种复杂的疾病状态,已成为威胁人们健康的一种常见病。在急性腹痛病例中,约1%为肠缺血所致。尽管对本病的认识和诊断不断提高,但急性肠缺血的死亡率仍超过60%,已成为最具危险的腹部疾病之一。血管造影技术被认为是肠缺血的标准检查方法,但其为创伤性检查,容易引起一系列的并发症,因此使用逐渐减少,已不作为首选检查方法。随着螺旋CT的普及应用,尤其是多排螺旋CT的临床应用,对肠缺血的诊断水平不断提高,本文总结了45例肠缺血患者的资料,旨在探讨螺旋CT在诊断肠缺血中的价值。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
45例肠缺血病例,女28例,男17例,年龄37~83岁。临床症状表现为不同程度的腹部轻微不适、腹胀、急性腹痛症状,有的伴有恶心、呕吐和血水样腹泻等症状。部分病人既往患高血压、动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、慢性心功能不全、慢性肾功能不全、急性胰腺炎、腹膜炎、结肠癌、肠梗阻以及硬化和腹水等病史,其中1例曾经做过纤维内窥镜检查。
1.2 方法
采用日本日立和东芝螺旋CT,扫描前10~120mim采取口服对比剂(主要应用水500~1500ml)充盈胃肠道,扫描前3min再服300ml,对于直肠、结肠检查患者采用500ml对比剂直接灌肠法,对于不同部位检查可适当改变体位,以保证检查结果的可靠准确。笔者采用层厚5~10mm,Pitch=1.0,无间距扫描,重建2.0~5mm,其中平扫33例,增强28例。采用高压注射器,以2.5~3.0ml/s速率注射60%非离子型含碘对比剂,注射量为80~120ml。
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