Effect of phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction on the eye surface
LENG Yuanmei.Tongling Peoples Hospital,Chongqing 402560,China
[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the effect of phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction on the eye surface.
Methods This clinical trial involved 156 patients (186 eyes) with cataract undergoing phacoemulsification (PHACO group, 98 cases 114 eyes) or extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE group, 58 cases 72 eyes). The symptoms and signs of dry eye disease, Schirmer,s I test, break-up time (BUT), corneal fluorescein staining, rosebengal staining were tested and marked 1month after operation. Comparison for the results was made between two groups. Results The marks of all the index such as symptom,signs and diagnostic test between two groups had significant difference (P<0.05). Marks in ECCE group were significant higher than those in PHACO group. The rate of dry eye disease in the ECCE group (27.78%) was higher than that in the PHACO group (4.38%) and the difference was also significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion In a short term postoperatively, the extracapsular cataract extraction seems more easily to effect the function of eye surface and lead to dry eye disease than phacoemulsification.
[Key words] cataract;phacoemulsification;extracapsular cataract extraction;dry eye disease
近年来,随着眼科显微手术技术的不断进步,以及人工晶体的不断发展更新,已有越来越多的白内障患者得以通过手术复明。超声乳化白内障手术是相对先进的手术方式,不但术后反应轻,恢复快,手术引起的散光也小。然而在一些不具备进行超声乳化手术的条件下,白内障小切口的现代囊外摘除术也是较常选用的术式。患者术后视力恢复的同时,也可能同时出现眼干涩、异物感等不适,其发生比率在不同手术方式下有所不同。本研究比较了两种不同手术方式对眼表泪膜功能的影响,现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 2003年1月~2005年12月在我院行白内障手术病人共156例186眼。其中行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术98例114眼,行白内障现代囊外摘除联合人工晶体植入术58例72眼;男86例92眼,女70例94眼;年龄48~82岁,平均65.8岁。
1.2 排除标准 妊娠、哺乳、或绝经后的女性患者;入选前6个月内全身使用过口服避孕药、抗组胺药、抗抑郁药、抗胆碱能药物等的患者;合并糖尿病、自身免疫性疾病、哮喘、甲状腺功能异常等全身疾病者;曾有其他内眼手术或眼表手术者、曾有眼外伤或眼部烧伤病史者。
1.3 分组 上述患者按手术方式不同分为PHACO组(98例114眼)和ECCE组(58例72眼)。
1.4 手术方法 手术参照标准手术操作规范进行[1],均由同一操作者完成。其中超声乳化术做透明角膜切口,囊外摘除术做巩膜隧道切口。
1.5 眼表功能评价指标及评分标准 所有患者术后常规随访复查,并于术后1个月时按下表记录各项评分[2]。见表1。表1 各观察指标及分级评分标准
1.6 统计学分析 本研究用SPSS 10.0软件包进行统计学分析,分别采用t检验、χ2检验等对两组症状、体征和干眼症发病率等进行分析,以P<0.05为差异有显著性。
2 结果
2.1 两组术后干眼诊断性试验结果比较 见表2。ECCE组术后干眼症诊断性试验各项指标与对PHACO组相比,其差异均有显著性。参照Lubniewski AJ的标准[3],ECCE组干眼症发病率为27.78%(20/72),而PHACO组干眼症发病率为4.38%(5/114),经χ2检验,两组间差异有显著性。
2.2 两组术后干眼症状比较 见表3。ECCE组术后各干眼相关症状较为明显,与PHACO组相比,各症状评分高于后者,其差异有显著性(P<0.05)。
2.3 两组术后眼部体征比较 见表4。ECCE组术后结膜充血和黏液状、丝状分泌物等较PHACO组明显,其差异有显著性(P<0.05)。
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